How can we use Gene Editing to protect or cure us from viral infections?
Image credit: Created in BioRender

[1]Ernst, M.P.T., et al., Ready for Repair? Gene Editing Enters the Clinic for the Treatment of Human Disease. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev, 2020. 18: p. 532-557.
[2]Lee, C., CRISPR/Cas9-Based Antiviral Strategy: Current Status and the Potential Challenge. Molecules, 2019. 24(7).
Creative contributions
Using Recombinase to achieve targeted HIV excision

[1]Falkenhagen A, Joshi S. Genetic Strategies for HIV Treatment and Prevention. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids. 2018;13:514-533. doi:10.1016/j.omtn.2018.09.018
[2]Alkhatib G. The biology of CCR5 and CXCR4. Curr Opin HIV AIDS. 2009;4(2):96-103. doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e328324bbec
[3]Battistini, A. & Sgarbanti, M. HIV-1 latency: an update of molecular mechanisms and therapeutic strategies. Viruses 6, 1715–1758 (2014).
[4]Verheyen J, Thielen A, Lübke N, Dirks M, Widera M, Dittmer U, Kordelas L, Däumer M, de Jong DCM, Wensing AMJ, Kaiser R, Nijhuis M, Esser S. Rapid Rebound of a Preexisting CXCR4-tropic Human Immunodeficiency Virus Variant After Allogeneic Transplantation With CCR5 Δ32 Homozygous Stem Cells. Clin Infect Dis. 2019 Feb 1;68(4):684-687. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciy565. PMID: 30020413.
[5]Yu S, Yao Y, Xiao H, Li J, Liu Q, Yang Y, Adah D, Lu J, Zhao S, Qin L, Chen X. Simultaneous Knockout of CXCR4 and CCR5 Genes in CD4+ T Cells via CRISPR/Cas9 Confers Resistance to Both X4- and R5-Tropic Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection. Hum Gene Ther. 2018 Jan;29(1):51-67. doi: 10.1089/hum.2017.032. Epub 2017 Jun 9. PMID: 28599597.
[6]Lekomtsev, S., Aligianni, S., Lapao, A. et al. Efficient generation and reversion of chromosomal translocations using CRISPR/Cas technology. BMC Genomics 17, 739 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-016-3084-5
[7]Karpinski, J., Hauber, I., Chemnitz, J. et al. Directed evolution of a recombinase that excises the provirus of most HIV-1 primary isolates with high specificity. Nat Biotechnol 34, 401–409 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1038/nbt.3467
[8]Crudele, J.M., Chamberlain, J.S. Cas9 immunity creates challenges for CRISPR gene editing therapies. Nat Commun 9, 3497 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-05843-9
