Could adjuvants in vaccines cause allergies or autoimmune diseases?
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[1]Chung, Young Hun et al. “COVID-19 Vaccine Frontrunners and Their Nanotechnology Design.” ACS nano vol. 14,10 (2020): 12522-12537. doi:10.1021/acsnano.0c07197
[2]Janeway CA Jr, Travers P, Walport M, et al. Immunobiology: The Immune System in Health and Disease. 5th edition. New York: Garland Science; 2001. Chapter 12, Allergy and Hypersensitivity. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK10756/
[3]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autoimmunity
[4]Smatti, Maria K et al. “Viruses and Autoimmunity: A Review on the Potential Interaction and Molecular Mechanisms.” Viruses vol. 11,8 762. 19 Aug. 2019, doi:10.3390/v11080762
[5]Wucherpfennig, K W. “Mechanisms for the induction of autoimmunity by infectious agents.” The Journal of clinical investigation vol. 108,8 (2001): 1097-104. doi:10.1172/JCI14235
[6]Wang, De-Yun. “Risk factors of allergic rhinitis: genetic or environmental?.” Therapeutics and clinical risk management vol. 1,2 (2005): 115-23. doi:10.2147/tcrm.1.2.115.62907
[7]Ramos, Paula S et al. “Genetics of autoimmune diseases: insights from population genetics.” Journal of human genetics vol. 60,11 (2015): 657-64. doi:10.1038/jhg.2015.94
[8]https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/12/suspicions-grow-nanoparticles-pfizer-s-covid-19-vaccine-trigger-rare-allergic-reactions
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People with a history of allergic reactions may encounter some problems.
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[1]Lagopoulos, V., and E. Gigi. "Anaphylactic and anaphylactoid reactions during the perioperative period." Hippokratia 15.2 (2011): 138.
[2]Sahin, Ugur, et al. "COVID-19 vaccine BNT162b1 elicits human antibody and TH 1 T cell responses." Nature 586.7830 (2020): 594-599.
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Research on irritable bowel syndrome as being caused by an unrelated infection
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Research proposal: Check the prevalence of pollen allergies in people who have been vaccinated during the pollen season
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Timing the vaccination in children based on a novel aluminum monitoring standard
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[1]https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2020.00361/full
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Aluminum-absorbed non-target antigens could trigger allergies and autoimmune diseases (but not necessarily related to vaccines)
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[1]National Academies of Sciences and Medicine E. Finding a Path to Safety in Food Allergy: Assessment of the Global Burden, Causes, Prevention, Management, and Public Policy. Stallings VA, Oria MP, editors. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press; 2017.
[2]Arumugham V. Role of NMDA receptor autoimmunity induced by food protein containing vaccines, in the etiology of autism, type 1 diabetes, neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders [Internet]. 2018. Available from: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1463600
[3]Vaccine Excipient & Media Summary [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2016 Jan 16]. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/downloads/appendices/B/excipient‐table‐2.pdf
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The adjuvants could just be making up for the loss of immunogenicity, without changing the possibility of unwanted inflammation-driven autoimmune response
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[1]https://www.deseret.com/coronavirus/2021/8/24/22639546/antibodies-infection-vaccine-better-protection
[2]https://hesiglobal.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/11/2016/06/SOS_GOULD_vaccine_adjuvant.pdf
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General comments
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